The Glass Menagerie Title Meaning

The Glass Menagerie Title Meaning Even though the familys relationship towards one another in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams is both dysfunctional, and questionable you begin to see a deeper meaning to which the title of the story foreshadows. The story begins with the family having supper. As this dinner continues we learn that they are in a single parent household with a mother, Amanda, who is stuck in her youth, a son, Tom, who is trying to separate himself from the dysfunction of his mother, and a daughter, Laura, who has a physical handicap that hinders her from taking part in normal activities including interacting with people. But as the story moves along Laura is somewhat broken out of her shell, Tom moves out, and Amanda develops a closer relationship with her daughter. The title The Glass Menagerie seems to suggest transparency, fragileness, and special attention and care which describe exactly what this family is and needs. Reading the play and basing it in relations to the title it is clear tha t the title has more meaning then meets first glance. Some may argue that the title has no relation what so ever to the play because of things like, who is the mains character? and how the title does not help in defining the underline meaning of the play? These points may very well be true but the question is asked, why is The Glass Menagerie a good title? The glass menagerie is a good title because it leaves a certain mystery to the story, it suggests deeper aspects to the characters in relation to life, and it gives depth to the characters. Â  In the story there is a scene between Tom and Amanda when they are having a confrontation about Tom and where he goes when he leaves home after work. As the argument is escalading Lauras class menagerie breaks. Glass is both fragile and delicate which seems to describe Tom and his mothers relationship, and the breaking of the glass comes at a time when there own relationship cracks. The mystery is why this glass? Why the glass menagerie at this particular time? The suggestive mystery would seem to be the fact they are in some ways like the glass animals and are in cased in a glass case making them venerable, fragile and easily broken. The titles mystery is not just towards the characters weakness, but the mystery of the titles relation to life. It is clear to point out the irrelevance of Amandas Scarlett OHara attitude, toms get away attitude, and Lauras over the top shyness, but there behaviors are not totally irrelevant to real life. At the beginning of the play Tom says I reverse it to that quaint period, the thirties, when the huge middle class of America was matriculating in a school for the blind.(282-83) Tom gave insight to a time period when the economy is struggling due to the great depression. Life in that time was harder, and for Amanda being the only parent in her household it was even tougher. Her reverting back to her past is not at all for fetched or uncommon. Humans tend to go back to happier times in there lives so they are able to cope with the present. All the characters found ways to cope with there situations whether it was skipping school or going to the movies. Lauras defect gave her server introversion that most people suffer from, especially those in her position, and Toms itch to get out of the nes t stems from him getting older and not being able to experience what young men his age do. The weak time period and the fragileness of the economy fit the title and its relevance to life and add a certain depth to each character. The underline meaning of the title helps to add depth to the characters. With out the title the play and its characters would be just that, characters. Because the play uses real life situations it makes it easier to relate to the characters and actually understand each of them. Tom says at the end of the story I didnt go to the moon, I went much further-for time is the longest distance between places.(329) By Tom saying this it shows that these characters are deep and aspire for more then given. By Tom being the narrator he represents all the characters and there insight of how they perceive the world around them. As the play comes to an end you see the characters evolve from being associated from being in a glass case to finding there way out of that enclosure. The Glass Menagerie is no longer a relic or just a title about a glass case, but instead a window into the characters lives. Even through The Glass Menagerie is a great title for such a deep play. Some would not agree that The Glass Menagerie is a good title. Amandas fascination with the past, Lauras inferiority complex (321), and Toms urge to get out is as transparent as the title and is simple as deep as either of the characters get. This could be understood to be true because this family obviously has been this way for quit sometime and there depth cannot be seen pass there ways. Although they seem to not be as deep or as transparent as the title suggest, still there are moments where you are inclined to believe that there is more to them. You see that Amandas reasonings to live in the pass is based on her present and because of that she wants her kids have better lives then she has. Toms unhappiest causes him to write poems, and narrate the play so we are able to understand and know what the familys current situation is about and could find a relation to them and our own lives. Lauras shyness and her b lossoming at the end of the play shows how much more she is as a character and how she is the most important figure in what the title has to do with the play. The more you begin to look out side the box and the more you look at the play for meaning instead of logic the more you see that the title is more interesting then any other title put in its place. Tennessee Williams takes a look into the world of an under class family in the 1930s who have many issue that they may or may not be aware of, and puts it in the fore front so that the readers can feel what these characters feel. He has a mother play both parents because of their broken household and gives her an outlet from her current situation which is recapturing her youth. He brings forth a son who sees his broken family and cannot help or fight the urge to get away so he retreats to watch movies or to drink, and a daughter who is physically handicap and is letting this disability whole her back for becoming the women she should be, and the beauty she should feel. These characters give insight to what is real and ultimately the end to happily ever after. But for this to be bought to anyones attention the title of the story has to be up to pare with what the author is trying to accomplish, and the point that is trying to be proven. Though some argue that choosing The Glass Menage rie as the title of this play gives no meaning to what the plays message truly is, this title makes perfect sense. We are quick to judge what we do not understand therefore to some it would not, but this title goes beyond just words and focus on the meaning. The Glass Menagerie means glass is easily broken, can have cracks, and makes even the tiniest flaws visible, but it can always be repaired. What we see looking in is not whats really going on, but it is what is done to break that glass and let that something out is whats more important.

Mark Twain of Huck Finn - Satire :: essays research papers

Mark Twain, a famous American writer-satirist wrote many books highly acclaimed throughout the world. For his masterpiece, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the literary establishment recognized him as one of the greatest writers America would ever produce. This novel is about a teenage boy by the name of Huck Finn whose father is an alcoholic. Because of his violence, Huck runs away and finds a runaway slave Jim. Instead of turning Jim in, Huck goes against society and makes a decision to help Jim break free from slavery. As they travel together, Huck learns more and more about Jim and starts to understand that the common stereotype of black people is wrong. Huck sees there is no difference between Jim and any white man he knows except for skin color. Risking his life and overcoming many difficulties on the way, Huck succeeds in freeing Jim. Focusing on racism, alcoholism and mob mentality, Mark Twain uses his enthusiastic style of writing and satirizes the three traits throughou t the novel. Many words the book contains are full of vivid disgust towards black slaves. Every single line talks about how white people despise and refuse to accept the black race. Answering Aunt Sally's question about whether or not anyone is hurt Huck answers, "no mum, just killed a nigger."(Twain 213) This is the one and only acceptable way to talk about black people in the "white" society. In addition to this, not only is the black people treated differently from the white, they are also considered to be one's property. "He is the only property I have," (Twain 122) Huck is perforce to say in order to save Jim. This is the only way to get through without the essence of suspicions. Though Huck shows racism in public as society teaches him, deep inside he understands that Jim is a great person. Through the eyes of Huck Finn, Mark Twain shows that there is more to people then looks and race, showing the importance of beliefs and character. Alcoholism is another human weakness. Twain satirizes in his novel, constantly accentuating the drunk and violent father of Huck in a very negative manner. "I was just about to go and vote myself if I warn't too drunk to get there,"(Twain 27) said Pap with a racist remark, implying the fact that he will never vote anyway just because the government let one very intelligent black professor vote.

Ecofeminism- Links the domination of women and the domination of nature

Expanding Feminist Activism Ecological Feminism: local/global activism Ecofeminism- Links the domination of women and the domination of nature. Ecofeminism places importance on our connection as people of one earth and also recognizes how women have been, historically in the capitalist patriarchy, labeled as subordinate in relation to the dominating body. The environment falls into this subordinate category because it continues to be pressed and used to benefit the man machine. It may be hard for participants in the capitalist system to open their eyes and accept an ecofeminist stance when the realms of ecology and capitalism are held in opposition. "Ecofeminists do not support the idea that women's increased economic, political and social participation in the predominant, but also destructive and life-opposing socio-economic system is a good way to freedom" (Littig 15). It is our duty to act in ways that promote a change in the current system. My essay will explore not only the domination of nature and women everywhere by the capitalist system, it will also address the ways in which people are acting to promote ecological a wareness and the breakdown of a dualistic ideology. "We are constantly invited by those dutifully serving the gods of profit and production to turn our attention elsewhere, to downgrade our concerns, and to view the very economic system that has caused the present global degradation of the environment as the solution to the problems it has generated" (Foster 25). We do not have to completely reject the current social order. It simply needs to be infused with a more egalitarian social order. Instead of seeing nature and women as inferior and readily exploitable, their connection should be viewed as a ... ...e in proactive dialogue and know how important the environment is. We are a product of the environment. I suggest that everyone recognize the connection and respect it. Works Cited Cortese, Anthony. "History of Second Nature." (Nov. 2002) :n. pag. Online. Second Nature. Internet. 13 November, 2002. Available: http://www.secondnature.org/ Dale, Ann. At the Edge. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2001. Foster, John Bellamy. Ecology Against Capitalism. New York: Monthly Review Press, 2002. Littig, Beate. Feminist Perspectives on Environment and Society. Harlow, England: Prentice Hall, 2001. Schmandt, Jurgen, and Ward, C.H. eds. Sustainable Development: The Challenge of Transition. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Sherman, Donna. "Gaia Arts." (Nov. 2002) :n. pag. Online. Gaia Arts. Internet. 12 November, 2002. Available: http://www.Gaiaarts.net/

The History of Public Relations Essay example -- essays research paper

The History of Public Relations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The act of public relations dates back to 52 B.C.E. in ancient Rome and continues on today all around the world. Public relations is defined as the controlling factor that searches to form and maintain relationships between organizations, profit or non-profit and the public that are beneficial for both parties (Bates). The age of public relations as a profession evolved in the 20th Century, mainly in the United States, but its foundation can be followed throughout the age of man. The practice of public relations is dedicated to complete honesty and openness in its communications and operations. Over time, the force of professional public relations has triumphed over several setbacks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Arthur W. Page, creator of the five principles of corporate public relations in 1927 stated, â€Å"All business in a democratic country begins with public permission and exists by public approval. If that be true, it follows that business should be cheerfully willing to tell the public what its policies are, what it is doing, and what it hopes to do. This seems practically a duty.† Page’s principles still carry on today with many businesses and corporations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Page and other renown public relations professionals such as Edward Bernays, founder of modern public relations, believe that pr and civilization is a collaboration that exists throughout time. As far back as the time of Julius Caesar, many historians believe the he wrote his Commentaries as governor of Gaul to promote himself to the public. Caesar, being aware of persuasion and how news can inform the public, published a daily paper called Acta Diurna, meaning â€Å"daily acts† or â€Å"daily records†, that carried on for 400years. Since the invention of writing, public relations was formed. Leaders of ancient civilizations used writings to promote their superiority in war and politics. Public interest became a huge priority for everyone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Renaissance and Reformation founded the modern world and the first stages of public relations that is attributed to public and private organizations today and several articles of history. The Magna Carta, which influenced the U.S. Constitution, for example, empowered the ... ..., organizations, and other institutions, is the public. PR has made its way through history and has satisfied its place or role, if any, in the world today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The three main elements of public relations are practically as old as society: informing people, persuading people, or integrating people with people. Of course, the means and methods of accomplishing these ends have changed as society has changed.† - Edward Bernays, founder of modern public relations Bibliography Don Bates, â€Å"MINI-ME† HISTORY TO INFORM AND PERSUADE: Public Relations from the Dawn of Civilization, Institute for public relations, www.instituteforpr.com, July 18, 2005. Edward L. Bernays, Crystallizing Public Opinion (1923; reprint ed., Norman, OK.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961). Edward L. Bernays, Public Relations (Norman, OK.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1952) Scott Cutlip, Public Relations History: From the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century (Mahwah, NJ.: Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates, 1999). Public Relations Society of America, Public Relations Education for the 21st Century: A Port of Entry, PRSA, www.prsa.org, July 19, 2005. The History of Public Relations Essay example -- essays research paper The History of Public Relations   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The act of public relations dates back to 52 B.C.E. in ancient Rome and continues on today all around the world. Public relations is defined as the controlling factor that searches to form and maintain relationships between organizations, profit or non-profit and the public that are beneficial for both parties (Bates). The age of public relations as a profession evolved in the 20th Century, mainly in the United States, but its foundation can be followed throughout the age of man. The practice of public relations is dedicated to complete honesty and openness in its communications and operations. Over time, the force of professional public relations has triumphed over several setbacks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Arthur W. Page, creator of the five principles of corporate public relations in 1927 stated, â€Å"All business in a democratic country begins with public permission and exists by public approval. If that be true, it follows that business should be cheerfully willing to tell the public what its policies are, what it is doing, and what it hopes to do. This seems practically a duty.† Page’s principles still carry on today with many businesses and corporations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Page and other renown public relations professionals such as Edward Bernays, founder of modern public relations, believe that pr and civilization is a collaboration that exists throughout time. As far back as the time of Julius Caesar, many historians believe the he wrote his Commentaries as governor of Gaul to promote himself to the public. Caesar, being aware of persuasion and how news can inform the public, published a daily paper called Acta Diurna, meaning â€Å"daily acts† or â€Å"daily records†, that carried on for 400years. Since the invention of writing, public relations was formed. Leaders of ancient civilizations used writings to promote their superiority in war and politics. Public interest became a huge priority for everyone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Renaissance and Reformation founded the modern world and the first stages of public relations that is attributed to public and private organizations today and several articles of history. The Magna Carta, which influenced the U.S. Constitution, for example, empowered the ... ..., organizations, and other institutions, is the public. PR has made its way through history and has satisfied its place or role, if any, in the world today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The three main elements of public relations are practically as old as society: informing people, persuading people, or integrating people with people. Of course, the means and methods of accomplishing these ends have changed as society has changed.† - Edward Bernays, founder of modern public relations Bibliography Don Bates, â€Å"MINI-ME† HISTORY TO INFORM AND PERSUADE: Public Relations from the Dawn of Civilization, Institute for public relations, www.instituteforpr.com, July 18, 2005. Edward L. Bernays, Crystallizing Public Opinion (1923; reprint ed., Norman, OK.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961). Edward L. Bernays, Public Relations (Norman, OK.: University of Oklahoma Press, 1952) Scott Cutlip, Public Relations History: From the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century (Mahwah, NJ.: Lawrence Erlbaum & Associates, 1999). Public Relations Society of America, Public Relations Education for the 21st Century: A Port of Entry, PRSA, www.prsa.org, July 19, 2005.

Women in the Classical Era

Stephen Spradling Oct 22-Dec 15 The Rights of Women In the Classical era China, India, and Rome all had different views on women’s roles in society. Each society placed them as second class citizens but as you read in each document in â€Å"Considering the Evidence† they are each treated a little better. At the bottom is the Chinese culture, they treat their women as objects, as things you should own such as servants. The Indians are who the text explains next.They treat their women a little better; the women are not anywhere treated as equals but had the option of going off on their own and being priestess or beggars. The last of the documents are the Roman culture. The Roman women are not equal either but they are the closest to it. In public they are not to question men but they rule the house at home. In the document on the Romans they protest in the street the law against having jewelry because of the needs of the Empire to fund the war. â€Å"How sad it is to be a woman! Nothing on earth is held so cheap.Boys stand leaning at the door Like Gods fallen out of Heaven. †( Fu Xuan, 263) The Chinese culture held women in the lowest regards while placing all men above the. But in the text â€Å"A Chinese Woman’s Instructions to Her Daughters† Ban Zhao was able to have a life of her own without a husband. She was married had children, but then widowed. Even through this she was able to be successful, and become and author to help other women. â€Å"Ban Zhao had a significant career as a court historian and as an adviser to the empress- dowager ( the widow of a deceased emperor).Her most famous work, Lessons for Women, was an effort to apply the principles of Confucianism to the lives and behavior of women. † (Waley, 264) Ban Zhao was the few exceptions to this most women were expected to do choirs and housework without complaint and complete obedience. â€Å" Let a woman retire late to bed, but rise early to duties; let her nor dread tasks by day or by night. . . . When a woman follows such rules as these, then she may be said to be industrious. † â€Å"unquestionably the daughter- in- law obeys. †(Ban, 264) The life of a Chinese woman was very hard and one of unsung hardship.Around this this same time there was a women in India were subject to very similar social standings. The could not do anything without and man and were subject to man’s rule. In An Alternative to Patriarchy in India it states the limited power of women. â€Å"In childhood a female must be subject to her father, in youth to her husband, when her lord is dead to her sons; a woman must never be independent. †(Psalms of the Early Buddhists, translated by Mrs. Rhys Davids, 266) The only way around such treatment was to be a Buddhist nun or a street beggar.Even though women in the Chinese cultural do not complain the Indian women did. They wrote poems about their hardships. â€Å"Me stained and squalid à ¢â‚¬â„¢ mong my cooking- pots My brutal husband ranked as even less Than the sunshades he sits and weaves alway. †( Psalms of the Early Buddhists, translated by Mrs. Rhys Davids,267) The three lives that these women could live is under control of a man, as a nun or as a street walker. The last choice of a street walker may sound like a horrible choice but it is the only way for these women to be free. To- day with shaven head, wrapt in my robe, I go forth on my daily round for food; . . . Now all the evil bonds that fetter gods And men are wholly rent and cut away. . . . Calm and content I know Nibbana’s Peace. † . †( Psalms of the Early Buddhists, translated by Mrs. Rhys Davids,267) The women of the highest standing were the women of Rome. They could go out in public without men, even talk to other men, even though this was frowned upon. â€Å"Had not respect for the dignity and modesty of cer-tain ones ( not them all! restrained me. . . . I should have sa id,‘ What kind of behavior is this? Running around in public, blocking streets, and speaking to other women’s husbands! Could you not have asked your own husbands the same thing at home? Are you more charming in public with others’ husbands than at home with your own? And yet, it is not fit-ting even at home†¦ for you to concern yourselves with what laws are passed or repealed here. †(Livy, 269) This tells us that women were able to go out in public, socialize, and even gossip.This document shows that though not in public these woman have somewhat of a voice in the home. These women have gone so far as to protest in the streets to get their right to buy jewelry back. â€Å" even now let them snatch at the government and meddle in the Forum and our assemblies. What are they doing now on the streets and crossroads, if they are not persuading the tribunes to vote for repeal? †(Livy, 269) These women have had the freedom to protest in the street ove r JEWLERY! These women are truly treated the best out of the cultures of this time.

Importance of data security and data safety Essay

To prevent companies from using or passing on confidential information to other companies without the permission of the person who the data is about, companies will need to protect the data. With the popularity of the Internet there are opportunities for thieves to steal their personal data. So the government set a law (data protection act) which is used to protect people’s rights concerning how data is used and you also have the right to see such information and have any errors corrected. Also organisation will want to keep data confidential because it will not want its competitors to know how the business is going. List the 8 principles of the Data Protection Act The Data Protection Act says the personal data should: 1. Be adequate, relevant and not excessive. For example college should keep students details and details must be just what is needed and nothing more. 2. Be processed in accordance with the data subject right. For example the person that the data refers to have the right to read the information about him/her and the organisation should provide hem/her with information they need. 3. Be accurate and be kept up to date. There is a duty to keep it up to date, for example to change an address when people move. 4. Not be kept longer than necessary. For example it is alright to keep information for certain length of time but it would be wrong to keep information about past customers longer than a few years at most 5. Be obtained and processed for limited purposes. For example the organization must use the data only in the way it is described and it must not use it for any other purpose. 6. Be secure. This includes keeping the information backed up and away from any unauthorised access. It would be wrong to leave personal data open to be viewed by just anyone. 7. Not be transferred to countries outside Europe without adequate protection. Unless the country that the data is being sent to has a suitable data protection law 8. Be processed fairly and lawfully. For example if you put your money at bank no one can transfer your money without your permission. (a) What is the difference between the Internet, Intranet and Extranet? (P8) Internet: Are public networks that allow the user to use any of its facilities. Intranet and Extranet: is like a private internet. It is like a website that is only accessible to the members of a business or company. The different between Intranets and Extranet is: Intranet: Allow the members of organisation to access the access the system with an organisation. Extranet: Allow the members of organisation to access the system from different location but only by the users who have been given access rights. (b) * What is a browser? Is programme that can read web pages, by downloading HTML code and that allows the browser to interpret the code to the web page. A browser displays web pages, keeps track of where you’ve been, and remembers the places you want to return to, the most used browsers are Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator. Describe the role of a browser when using the Internet, Intranet and Extranet Browser allows the people to access information, view images, hear music and watch video, in the term of intranet and extranet the browser allows user to share documents, access databases and allow group work. * Describe the role of email when using internet communications. You can send email to an individual or to a group of people at the same time, you can create mailing list so that you can write a message and send it automatically to number of people. Also you can send files such as pictures, word document and sound as attachments to your message. (a) List major threats to an organisation that could happen while using the Internet. (P9) 1. Hacking (use to steal the personal details and private files of company) 2. The spreading of viruses (use to destroy or damage the important files of company) 3. Internet fraud (taking credit card details from customers) 4. Spay ware (is biggest threat in the computer system which allows someone to log into your computer and use it for their own purpose) 5. Spam ( sending unwanted messages especially commercial advertising) Purpose of assignment In this assignment, I have to do research and get information on the importance of data security and data safety. M research must be from ICT sources and non ICT sources and by using the evidence that I collect I should explain the importance of keeping customer information confidential, the main provision of data protection act, the role of browsers and email in internet communications, the difference between internet, intranet and extranet, the major threats to organization from internet and finally a poster that explains the importance of data safety and data security. The assignment will also gather key skills portfolio evidence. M5 Physical Security: Use of security guards, locks, reinforced doors, windows and walls depending on what is being protected. Use of ICT to enforce security entry on doors, and protected areas of buildings i. e. : swipe cards, fingerprint ID, voice recognition. Firewall: This is a security device, which acts as a single entry/exit point for information and access to a computer system. All traffic must pass through the firewall and therefore a system is secure from external threats. A firewall usually sits between the internal network of an organisation and access by the internet. Virus Protection: It is usual for systems to have some form of anti-virus software installed and running in the background. All files and devices introduced to the system would be scanned, any attempts to alter system files would be blocked, and notification made to the user/system administrator. Preventing the use of floppy disks is a good method of eliminating one source of potential virus problems. Identification of Users: A system of user ID’s and passwords is a simple method of preventing unauthorised personnel accessing the system. These should be managed by the system administrator. With this, only some users will have access to certain programmes and data therefore increasing the level of security on sensitive data. In addition, some users may only be able to read the data and not write the data. Other users may not have the ability to delete or even to access certain files. Encryption software: the data may be encrypted (coded) into a form, which can only then be decoded by the intended user. If the data falls into the wrong hands, it will be meaningless. Backups: To guard against the loss of data, backups should be regularly made. These backups should be stored in a separate place, preferably in a fireproof environment. Passwords software: Password protection usually involves a person typing in:   A User Name – to identify the person.   A Password – to identify the person. He should be the only one to know what it is. Computer viruses: which are programs that destroy the way computer operates without the knowledge of the user, there are huge numbers of viruses some are extremely malicious with the ability to delete or damage files and programs. Some of the threats that they cause to computer systems include:   Deleting data on the hard disk of the organisation computer system.   Enabling hackers to hijack the organisation system and use it for their own purposes. How do viruses spread:   CDs and floppy disks containing infected documents. Emails containing infected attachments. Hackers: who gain unauthorised access to computer systems for the purpose of stealing and corrupting data, also gaining access to financial information about the organisation business or their customers for the purposes of fraud. Security measures may include†¦ Each user should be given a user name and a password.   Computer usage may be logged.   Computers should be disconnected from a network when not in use.   Use a firewall – a computer running software, which detects hackers dialling in to a network. Spam: authorised users downloading a web page or receiving an email with hidden active content that attacks the organisation system or send sensitive information to unauthorised people. Organisation can stop spreading of spam by using spam filtering software. Spy ware: is software that is placed on organisation computer when the employee visits certain websites, it is used to secretly gather information about the organisation usage and sends it back to advertiser or other interested company to tracking the organisation system use . it can also slow down or crashes the organisation computer Pop up: Many company advertisers on the Internet by using windows that pop up in the middle of computer screen to display a message. They might also open when you click a link or button on a Web site, and they might open either over or under the window, you wish to view. Some pop-up windows can contain inappropriate content or can be a way for employee of organisation to accidentally download dangerous software (called spyware or adware) onto organisation computer. Infringement of copyright: Internet users are not allowed to copy or print some internet materials such as; video, music, files and photos without the permission of copyright holder and sometimes they may have to pay a licence to do so. Theft and fraud: credits card fraud for example people can steal the details on credits card and using them illegally to buy goods. Sole trader: A sole trader is the actual owner of a business, a sole trader also has unlimited liability. All the debts of the business are the debts of the owner. They can not issues shares . The whole meaning behind † Sole† means that she/he does not have partners. (e. g. electrical repair, picture framing, photography, diving instruction, retail shops, and hotels) Partnership A Partnership can be liable for all debts, it is easy to setup, but is also inexpensive to form. Forming partnership requires an agreement that is some times called partnership agreement ‘between two to twenty individuals’ which entitles them to jointly own and carry on a trader business together. A partnership is a contract between two or more persons who agree to pool talent and money and share profit or loss. Private limited company A Private limited company has limited liability (the shareholders cannot loose more than their original shareholdings), and a minimum of two shareholders and a maximum of fifty shareholders. It cannot offer its shares to the public. A private limited company is treated as a legal entity. Public limited company A company which may have an unlimited number of shareholders and offer its shares to the wider public. (e. g. Cadbury and Tesco) Multi-National company A company that does business in more than one country, usually by setting up branch offices. Tesco Characteristics   Type of company: Tesco is an international retailer and is a publicly owned company (Public Limited Company Plc).   Products: including food and non-food business, personal finance, internet shopping, electrical items, home entertainment, toys, sports equipment, and many more. Profit / loss: Tesco’s Profit and Loss 2005 2004 Sales at net selling prices 37,070 33,557 Turnover including share of joint ventures 34,353 31,050 Less: share of joint ventures’ turnover (379) (236) Operating profit/(loss) 1,949 1,735 Share of operating profit/(loss) of joint ventures and associates 130 97 Net profit/(loss) on disposal of fixed assets 53 (9) Profit on ordinary activities before taxation 1,962 1,600 Underlying profit before net profit/(loss) on disposal of fixed assets, integration costs and goodwill amortisation 2,0291,708. Size of company: Tesco operates 923 stores and employs 240,000 people , there are 639 branches in Great Britain and 182 in the rest of Europe .Location: they operate in UK, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Thailand, South Korea, Taiwan and the Republic of Ireland   Purpose of company: to create value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty.   Aims: Built good non-food sales expanded into retailing services and exploited e-commerce successfully.   Objective: 1. To deliver a consistently strong customer offer. 2. Making their shopping trip as easy as possible. 3. Constantly seeking to reduce their prices to help customer spend less.   Logo: Cadbury Characteristics Type of company: is an international retailer and is a publicly owned company (Public Limited Company Plc). Products: chocolate and drinks brands. Profit / loss: Cadbury Profit and Loss i (Millions) 2006 i (Millions) 2005 Turnover 6,508. 00 6,085. 00 Operating Profit / (Loss) 1,003. 00 825. 00 Net Interest (188. 00) (205. 00) Pretax Profit 843. 00 642. 00 Post Tax Profits 703. 00 497. 00 Total Dividend Paid n/a n/a. Retained Profit / (Loss) for the financial year n/a n/a   Size of company: they operate in more than 35 countries and they employs over 55,000 people   Location: Americas, Europe, Middle East and Africa and Asia Pacific.   Purpose of company: the organization work together to create brands people love. Aims : 1. Deliver shareowner performance. 2. Ensure their capabilities are best in class. 3. Reinforce reputation with employees and society   objective: 1. Responding to consumer needs quickly. 2. Grow shareowner value. 3. Attract and develop the best kind of people.

Which ethical principle is most prominent in your belief system Autonomy or Fidelity?

Autonomy and fidelity are both applied in my life. I am a kind of person who has strong principle in life and not easily persuade by outside forces; thus, I am also extremely faithful to what I do. However, as fidelity being describe as truthful, I would say that fidelity is more prominent in my belief system. I am very truthful in everything I do. I cherish things with all my heart. I believe that there is no autonomy when an individual does not believe in fidelity. Fidelity should come first before you will become autonomous. The individual’s principles should be strengthened with truth so that no matter how society persuade an individual to do a thing which he believe is not right, he can hold fast to what he believes in and that’s how being autonomous become visible and displayed. In addition, I believe that fidelity is not just important in relationships and friendships but also a superb requirement in serving and treating others as an act of showing love and concern. Fidelity motivates me to do what is right in the sight of our Creator and in the sight of men. It helps me not to be partial with my dealings with other people but with genuine intentions. It gives me, too, a motivation not to betray the trust of other people especially those who are so dear in my heart. Moreover, most people nowadays are having the hard time in facing their own feelings. I must say that I am a kind of an individual who does not run away from the truth. I have the courage and strength to face the reality because that is what fidelity has taught me.